Resumen
Tatuarse es una práctica cada vez más frecuente en sociedades occidentales. Este trabajo analiza la relación existente entre el tatuaje y distintas variables de carácter personal y social. La muestra formada por 189 personas, de las cuales 65 eran hombres, cumplimentó un cuestionario compuesto, por un lado, por escalas correspondientes a los “cinco grandes”: la necesidad de unicidad, la búsqueda de sensaciones, la autoestima, las actitudes hacia el tatuaje, y, por otro lado, por variables sociodemográ- ficas y relativas al tatuaje. Los resultados muestran que las mujeres se tatúan más que los varones, que la realización de un tatuaje es más probable cuanto mayor es la presencia de otras personas tatuadas en el ámbito cotidiano, y que se tatúan más aquellos a quienes se atribuye una ideología más de izquierda. Además, los católicos se hacen un número significativamente menor de tatuajes que los ateos o agnósticos y hay una menor presencia de tatuados en el ámbito cotidiano cuanto más elevado es el nivel de estudios. Además, existe una relación significativa de la posesión de un tatuaje con mayores niveles en apertura a la experiencia, necesidad de unicidad, autoestima y actitudes hacia el tatuaje.
Citas
Armstrong, M., Roberts, A., Koch, J., Saunders, J., Owen, D., & Anderson, R. (2008). Motivation for contemporary tattoo removal. Archives of Dermatology, 144, 879-884.
Ballén, J. E., & Castillo, J.A. (2015). La práctica del tatuaje y la imagen corporal. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología: Ciencia y Tecnología, 8, 103– 109.
Braithwaite, R., Robillard, A., Woodring, T., Stephens, T., & Arriola, K. J. (2001). Tattooing and body piercing among adolescent detainess: Relationship to alcohol and other drug use. Journal of Substance Abuse, 13, 5-16.
Carmen, R. A., Guitar, A. E., & Dillon, H. M. (2012). Ultimate Answers to Proximate Questions: The Evolutionary Motivations Behing Tattoos and Body Piercings in Popular Culture. Review of General Psychology, 16, 134-143.
Carroll, S. T., Riffenburgh, R. H., Roberts, T. A., & Myhre, E. B. (2002). Tattoos and body piercings as indicators of adolescent risk-taking behaviors. Pediatrics, 109(6), 1021-1027.
Degelman, D., & Price, N. D. (2002). Tattoos and ratings of personal characteristics. Psychological Reports, 90, 507-514.
Delazar, M. E. (2005). The relationship between self-esteem, objectified body consciousness, personality traits and body modification: An exploratory study (Tesis doctoral). Pennsylvania, USA: Indiana University.
DeMello, M. (2000). Bodies of inscription: A cultural history of the modern tattoo community. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Deschesnes, M., Finès, P., & Demers, S. (2006). Are tattooing and body piercing indicators of risk-taking behaviours among high school students? Journal of Adolescence, 29, 379- 393.
Ferrando, P., & Chico, E. (2001). The construct of sensation seeking as measured by Zuckerman's SSS-V and Arnett's AISS: a structural equation model. Personality and Individual Differences, 31, 1121-1133.
Hawkes, D., Senn, C., & Thorn, C. (2004). Factors that influence attitudes toward women with tattoos. Sex Roles, 50, 593-604.
Kosut, M. (2006). An Ironic Fad the Commodification and Consumption of Tattoos. The Journal of Popular Culture, 39, 1035-1048.
La revolución del tatuaje (2012, 1 mayo). Publico. Recuperado de http://www.publico. es/culturas/revolucion-del-tatuaje.html
Laumann, A. E., & Derick, A. J. (2006). Tattoos and body piercings in the United States: A national data set. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 55, 413-421.
Madrigal, M. A. (2005). Representación Social del Tatuaje en Jóvenes Tatuados entre 18 y 25 Años de Edad (Tesis de licenciatura). San Pedro: Universidad Fidélitas.
Martín-Albo, J., Núñez, J. L., Navarro, J. G., & Grijalvo, F. (2007). The Rosenberg Self- Esteem Scale: Translation and Validation in University Students. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 10, 458-467.
Mejía, P. (2015). La Psicología y el Tatuaje: una aproximación bibliométrica (Trabajo Fin de Grado). España: Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
Pabst, M. A., Letofsky-Papst, I., Bock, E., Moser, M., Dorfer, L., Egarter-Vigl, E., & Hofer, F. (2009). The tattoos of the Tyrolean Iceman: a light microscopial, ultrastructural and element analytical study. Journal of Archaeological Science, 36, 2335-2341.
Pérez, J., & Torrubia, R. (1986). Fiabilidad y validez de la versión española de la Escala de Búsqueda de Sensaciones (Forma V). Revista latinoamericana de Psicología, 18, 7-22.
Pérez-Cotapos, M. L., & Cossio, M. L. (2006). Tatuajes y perforaciones en adolescentes. Revista Médica de Chile, 134, 1322-1329.
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Seiter, J. S., & Hatch, S. (2005). Effect of tattoos on perceptions of credibility and attractiveness. Psychological Reports, 96, 1113-1120.
Snyder, C. R., & Fromkin, H. L. (1977). Abnormality as a positive characteristic: The development and validation of a scale measuring need for uniqueness. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 86, 518-527.
Snyder, C. R., & Fromkin, H. L. (1980). Uniqueness: The human pursuit of difference. Nueva York: Plenum Press.
Stirn, A., Hinz, A., & Brähler, E. (2006). Prevalence of tattooing and body piercing in Germany and perception of health, mental disorders, and sensation seeking among tattooed and body-pierced individuals. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 60, 531- 534.
Swami, V. (2011). Marked for life? A prospective study of tattoos on appearance anxiety and dissatisfaction, perceptions of uniqueness, and self-esteem. Body Image, 8, 237-244.
Swami, V., & Furnham, A. (2007). Unattractive, promiscuous and heavy drinkers: Perceptions of women with tattoos. Body Image, 4, 343- 352.
Swami, V., Pietschnig, J., Bertl, B., Nader, I. W., Stieger, S., & Voracek, M. (2012). Personality Differences between Tattooed and non-Tattooed Individuals. Mental & Physical Health, 111, 97-106.
Tate, J. C., & Shelton, B. L. (2008). Personality correlates of tattooing and body piercing in a college sample: The kids are alright. Personality and Individual Differences, 45, 281-285.
Terracciano et al. (2005). National Character Not Reflect Mean Personality Trait Levels in 49 Cultures. Science, 310, 96-100.
Tiggemann, M., & Golder, F. (2006). Tattooing: An expression of uniqueness in the appearance domain. Body Image, 3, 309-315.
Tiggemann, M., & Hopkins, L. A. (2011). Tattoos and piercings: Bodily expressions of uniqueness? Body Image, 8, 245-250.
Wohlrab, S., Stahl, J., & Kappeler, P. M. (2007a). Modifying the body: Motivations for getting tattooed and pierced. Body Image, 4, 87-95
Wohlrab, S., Stahl, J., Rammsayer, T., & Kappeler, P. M. (2007b). Differences in Personality Characteristics Between Body- Modified and Non-Modified Individuals: Associations With Individual Personality Traits and Their Possible Evolutionary Implications. European Journal of Personality, 21, 931-951.
Wohlrab, S., Fink, B., Kappeler, P. M., & Brewer, G. (2009). Perception of human body modification. Personality and Individual Differences, 46, 202-206.
Zuckerman, M., Eysenck, S. B., Eysenck, H. (1978). Sensation seeking in England and America: cross-cultural, age, and sex comparisons. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46, 139-149.
Ballén, J. E., & Castillo, J.A. (2015). La práctica del tatuaje y la imagen corporal. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología: Ciencia y Tecnología, 8, 103– 109.
Braithwaite, R., Robillard, A., Woodring, T., Stephens, T., & Arriola, K. J. (2001). Tattooing and body piercing among adolescent detainess: Relationship to alcohol and other drug use. Journal of Substance Abuse, 13, 5-16.
Carmen, R. A., Guitar, A. E., & Dillon, H. M. (2012). Ultimate Answers to Proximate Questions: The Evolutionary Motivations Behing Tattoos and Body Piercings in Popular Culture. Review of General Psychology, 16, 134-143.
Carroll, S. T., Riffenburgh, R. H., Roberts, T. A., & Myhre, E. B. (2002). Tattoos and body piercings as indicators of adolescent risk-taking behaviors. Pediatrics, 109(6), 1021-1027.
Degelman, D., & Price, N. D. (2002). Tattoos and ratings of personal characteristics. Psychological Reports, 90, 507-514.
Delazar, M. E. (2005). The relationship between self-esteem, objectified body consciousness, personality traits and body modification: An exploratory study (Tesis doctoral). Pennsylvania, USA: Indiana University.
DeMello, M. (2000). Bodies of inscription: A cultural history of the modern tattoo community. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Deschesnes, M., Finès, P., & Demers, S. (2006). Are tattooing and body piercing indicators of risk-taking behaviours among high school students? Journal of Adolescence, 29, 379- 393.
Ferrando, P., & Chico, E. (2001). The construct of sensation seeking as measured by Zuckerman's SSS-V and Arnett's AISS: a structural equation model. Personality and Individual Differences, 31, 1121-1133.
Hawkes, D., Senn, C., & Thorn, C. (2004). Factors that influence attitudes toward women with tattoos. Sex Roles, 50, 593-604.
Kosut, M. (2006). An Ironic Fad the Commodification and Consumption of Tattoos. The Journal of Popular Culture, 39, 1035-1048.
La revolución del tatuaje (2012, 1 mayo). Publico. Recuperado de http://www.publico. es/culturas/revolucion-del-tatuaje.html
Laumann, A. E., & Derick, A. J. (2006). Tattoos and body piercings in the United States: A national data set. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 55, 413-421.
Madrigal, M. A. (2005). Representación Social del Tatuaje en Jóvenes Tatuados entre 18 y 25 Años de Edad (Tesis de licenciatura). San Pedro: Universidad Fidélitas.
Martín-Albo, J., Núñez, J. L., Navarro, J. G., & Grijalvo, F. (2007). The Rosenberg Self- Esteem Scale: Translation and Validation in University Students. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 10, 458-467.
Mejía, P. (2015). La Psicología y el Tatuaje: una aproximación bibliométrica (Trabajo Fin de Grado). España: Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
Pabst, M. A., Letofsky-Papst, I., Bock, E., Moser, M., Dorfer, L., Egarter-Vigl, E., & Hofer, F. (2009). The tattoos of the Tyrolean Iceman: a light microscopial, ultrastructural and element analytical study. Journal of Archaeological Science, 36, 2335-2341.
Pérez, J., & Torrubia, R. (1986). Fiabilidad y validez de la versión española de la Escala de Búsqueda de Sensaciones (Forma V). Revista latinoamericana de Psicología, 18, 7-22.
Pérez-Cotapos, M. L., & Cossio, M. L. (2006). Tatuajes y perforaciones en adolescentes. Revista Médica de Chile, 134, 1322-1329.
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Seiter, J. S., & Hatch, S. (2005). Effect of tattoos on perceptions of credibility and attractiveness. Psychological Reports, 96, 1113-1120.
Snyder, C. R., & Fromkin, H. L. (1977). Abnormality as a positive characteristic: The development and validation of a scale measuring need for uniqueness. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 86, 518-527.
Snyder, C. R., & Fromkin, H. L. (1980). Uniqueness: The human pursuit of difference. Nueva York: Plenum Press.
Stirn, A., Hinz, A., & Brähler, E. (2006). Prevalence of tattooing and body piercing in Germany and perception of health, mental disorders, and sensation seeking among tattooed and body-pierced individuals. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 60, 531- 534.
Swami, V. (2011). Marked for life? A prospective study of tattoos on appearance anxiety and dissatisfaction, perceptions of uniqueness, and self-esteem. Body Image, 8, 237-244.
Swami, V., & Furnham, A. (2007). Unattractive, promiscuous and heavy drinkers: Perceptions of women with tattoos. Body Image, 4, 343- 352.
Swami, V., Pietschnig, J., Bertl, B., Nader, I. W., Stieger, S., & Voracek, M. (2012). Personality Differences between Tattooed and non-Tattooed Individuals. Mental & Physical Health, 111, 97-106.
Tate, J. C., & Shelton, B. L. (2008). Personality correlates of tattooing and body piercing in a college sample: The kids are alright. Personality and Individual Differences, 45, 281-285.
Terracciano et al. (2005). National Character Not Reflect Mean Personality Trait Levels in 49 Cultures. Science, 310, 96-100.
Tiggemann, M., & Golder, F. (2006). Tattooing: An expression of uniqueness in the appearance domain. Body Image, 3, 309-315.
Tiggemann, M., & Hopkins, L. A. (2011). Tattoos and piercings: Bodily expressions of uniqueness? Body Image, 8, 245-250.
Wohlrab, S., Stahl, J., & Kappeler, P. M. (2007a). Modifying the body: Motivations for getting tattooed and pierced. Body Image, 4, 87-95
Wohlrab, S., Stahl, J., Rammsayer, T., & Kappeler, P. M. (2007b). Differences in Personality Characteristics Between Body- Modified and Non-Modified Individuals: Associations With Individual Personality Traits and Their Possible Evolutionary Implications. European Journal of Personality, 21, 931-951.
Wohlrab, S., Fink, B., Kappeler, P. M., & Brewer, G. (2009). Perception of human body modification. Personality and Individual Differences, 46, 202-206.
Zuckerman, M., Eysenck, S. B., Eysenck, H. (1978). Sensation seeking in England and America: cross-cultural, age, and sex comparisons. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46, 139-149.
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Derechos de autor 2016
Descargas
Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.